Fuel quality is one of the most critical variables in determining the heat rate, efficiency, and performance of power plants. The drive to leverage fuel switching and/or blending to meet more stringent SO2 and NOx emission requirements has, in many cases, led to both a reduction in power station efficiency and a poorer net plant heat rate (NPHR).
The most common fuel types used in power plant boiler systems are as follows:
Most industrial coal-fired boilers run on crushed coal, which burns more efficiently than large coal clumps.
Gas-fired boilers operate using natural gas, most often a mix of methane, ethane, butane, pentane, or propane. Boilers that run gasoline, diesel, and other petroleum-based fuels are typically classified as oil-fired boilers.
Some boilers even burn combustible plant material like wood chips, wood construction debris, and corn husks.
In almost all industrial processes, more than half of the input energy is turned into waste heat. In efforts to reduce climate change, processes that use waste heat for other needs are becoming more relevant.
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